A good football stadium lighting system must implement multiple functions at the same time, which is also an important criterion for judging the lighting level of a football field.
First, good lighting conditions must be provided for players to fully demonstrate their skills; Second, let the judges make clear judgments; Third, let the live audience from all angles clearly see the live game and the live large-screen report; Fourth, it must meet the requirements of field recording and television broadcasting equipment; Finally, the specified parameters must be observed, taking into account aspects such as the economic needs of light and the light pollution situation. In order to meet the above requirements, it is necessary to pay attention to the following points.
▲ Interior of AI Janoub Stadium
First of all, we must be clear that inside a football stadium, the lighting level of the athletes is not the same as the spectators.
Athlete visibility is related to both vertical and horizontal illumination. The vertical illuminance depends on the direction and position of the floodlight projection, and since horizontal illuminance is easy to calculate and measure, the recommended illuminance value refers to horizontal illuminance.
The number of spectators varies greatly depending on the venue, and the viewing distance is related to the capacity of the venue, so the illumination required by the venue increases with the increase of the stadium.
▲ Lusail Stadium
Secondly, in order to provide better visual effects, the uniformity of illumination, brightness uniformity and stereoscopic perception (horizontal and vertical relative image evaluation) of football stadium lighting are crucial.
The horizontal/vertical illuminance standard calculation grid is an “examination paper” used to accurately measure and calculate the lighting level of football fields.
▲ Left, horizontal illuminance standard bin; Right, vertical illuminance standard bin
Poor lighting glare in the football field will cause the impact of uncomfortable vision of the athletes, and will also reduce the picture quality of the camera broadcast, in order to avoid glare, the light angle setting of the field plays a decisive role.
Incorrect use of floodlights can interfere with athletes, especially goalkeepers, so lighting must be designed in strict accordance with standards.
The distribution of light must take into account the setting of the camera position to ensure that high-quality match images are delivered to the eyes of spectators. For example, the vertical illumination of the camera direction should meet the vertical illumination needs of all cameras in the field.
▲ Blue is a regular fixed event camera and orange is a dynamic camera
▲ Schematic diagram of lighting of different camera positions, the picture is from the Light Environment and Lighting Research Center
02.How do you set up lights in a football field?
▲ Qatar 2022 World Cup Group Stage: Qatar VS Ecuador
Generally speaking, the lighting of the football field is divided into arranged around the roof of the grandstand (the so-called linear light strip lighting, but the premise is that the stadium has spectator stands) and the columns installed around the stadium in groups, and then the number and power of the lamps are adjusted according to the needs of the field level (the so-called four-corner arrangement, multi-pole arrangement).
▲ Four-corner pole arrangement
▲ Multi-bar arrangement
Since the current broadcasts are all “high-definition TV broadcast HDTV”, the vertical illumination requirements are extremely high: the main camera direction on the rostrum is 2000lx, and the secondary camera direction behind the goal is 1400lx! Therefore, it is necessary to have lights in all directions into the field.
▲ Interior of AI Janoub Stadium
In order to protect the player’s eyes from being blinded when looking at the high ball, there are also regulations: it is not allowed to install lights in the bottom line extension line range and the range behind the goal, that is, the “red X” range in the figure below. (Even if there are lights, they can only be turned on during other applications such as performances, and these lights cannot be turned on during football games!)
▲ Pole and lamp combinations of different modules
Therefore, it is necessary to install lights around the perimeter, and there are several areas that cannot be installed… Finally, a large number of lights are concentrated in the four corners of the site. In this way, it became an improved version of the “four towers” type.
03.What lights are used in football stadiums?
Football stadium lighting sources can use metal halide lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps and tungsten halogen lamps, and the choice of light source is determined by the time of use per year, the initial investment of the project and the maintenance cost. Usually 1000W, 1500W metal halide flood lamps are used, and the number and angle of lamps are adjusted to meet the design standards by installing different position groups.
A good football stadium lighting system must implement multiple functions at the same time, which is also an important criterion for judging the lighting level of a football field.
First, good lighting conditions must be provided for players to fully demonstrate their skills; Second, let the judges make clear judgments; Third, let the live audience from all angles clearly see the live game and the live large-screen report; Fourth, it must meet the requirements of field recording and television broadcasting equipment; Finally, the specified parameters must be observed, taking into account aspects such as the economic needs of light and the light pollution situation. In order to meet the above requirements, it is necessary to pay attention to the following points.
